China
China, People's Republic of
PRC, People's Republic of China
First, the Chinese origin of the word
such as ; beast trails hoofed birds of the Road, to pay in China , referring to hereafter generations, The Book of Rites? kingship ; the term is very, Yi, Rong, Di and accustom on the migrate. If the Shii of the power, then attempted the chief, to the police in Hawaii. China is not ; China . br> here, I can not assist but Speaking of Zhu Xia outer barbarians. King For a peaceful world, in other words is effortless to speak with words from the past who is also the beginning. history, ideally divided into three stages, namely: ebb into muddle in their country within it suits hh Zhu Xia Jazz, the world is big or small, whether a distance. ought be the formation period of the Chinese nation; and set of institutional culture and the morale of Chinese culture, the culmination of a Some have entered the Chinese team, and some into the Man, Yi, Rong Group, countries such as the mash to the country, once among the swing in the Yi Xia, and finally placed into the China Group, became the molecules.
Second, the signification of the Chinese word
2.1 There China in Kyoto, the capital of Italy. the first such use of the word is that the Chinese laborers only, Qi can be well-off, the benefits of this to China to Sui Quartet. hh people also labor only, Qi can be rest, the benefits of this capital, the Sui four countries. He started with the concern of the people of Kyoto, and then by enhancement, permanence and the world. Han of also. Last savant Liu Xi also said: , Central Plains, or in the summer, the Chinese. of course, also known as China. these titles, really means the Yellow River Basin area. such as ;, Chu was in the Yangtze River, here by the Yellow River Basin in China is actually the collective term for several countries.
three
Brief History of China in archaic China, the state periodically unified, sometimes split, the Chinese averaging of the word is differ at different times, slightly fewer period namely the citizen unity, separate refers to the Central Plains and more. As territory alterations Emperor of China, including the range of the term alter therefore. The chart had not eclipse aboard the circling landscape, we muse this is the center of the earth, so that the Chinese Zhou Dynasty.
after the Han Dynasty, although some foreign invasion, the regime established after the Central Plains also demands to does not mean they are the Chinese regime. because they are the self-styled regime, it may not be representative of the Chinese regime truly is. According to historical data, the Japanese often call themselves years (Tang Kaiyuan twenty-eight) on the table at the Lord: the first betrayal. the before relationship between the Chinese regime, based on servant regime change in the form of the Chinese regime to replace the before one, or gesture other than to replace the former conqueror of the Chinese regime.
China is not a mere geographical conception, but also a nation and The notion of culture. China is Han Chinese and in China to establish the country as the main Han Chinese. ancient Chinese people have all been there to resist foreign assault, safeguard the homeland of the glorious tradition, if there is foreign invasion, heroic resistance will never permit foreign invaders to usurp the status of the Chinese Orthodox. from Huo's a glorious tradition. Evaluation of the Analects of Confucius, Guan Zhong said: ;? traditional Chinese culture as Chinese, can not be replaced by Chinese orthodoxy alien. so-called China's opinion to conquer the conqueror.
Manqingruguan, Daru Gu scientists proposed the World XI differentiate decease? said: Yixing number changing, that the subjugation. Renyi mattered animals as for the rate of cannibalism, people will phase edible, that the decease of the world. also are occupied, annihilated in the Qing Dynasty, the world ambition perish only The rule is entered in the entrance clearance before replacing it with strictly separated. previous regime change, but regime change inside China, Manqingruguan is thought foreign invasion.
After the Revolution in 1912 set up a ; referred to as China Geography Overview
China is located in Asian Eurasia, the Pacific West Coast. China has a history of 5 thousand annuals of culture, is the world's 4 ancient civilizations.
1, China is located in eastern Asia, the Pacific West Bank, and its layout is the picture for a brain east than the west end of the Rooster. is the main habitat of the Chinese nation.
2, China's land zone namely almost 960 million square kilometers, countries in the globe, behind Russia, Canada , ranking the third place, almost the same area with the whole of Europe.
3, something the Chinese territory across longitude 60 degrees, across the five time zones from east to west distance of about 5,200 km.
4, north and south across the Chinese territory 50 degrees latitude north and south distance of about 5,500 km.
5, the northernmost of China's territory north of Mohe in Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang megalopolis line of the chief outlet (53.N).
6, at the southernmost peak of China's territory James Shoal in the South China Sea's Spratly Islands (4.N nearby).
7, the easternmost territory of China in the Heilongjiang province of Heilongjiang and Wusuli crossing of the centerline of the main channel (135.E).
8, the Chinese territory of the Pamirs in Xinjiang, the westernmost (73.E).
9, China's mainland coastline of 18,000 km, forward the coast has many nice berths, sheltered and easy to warship docked.
10, China about more than 5,000 islands, most located in the waters south of the Yangtze Estuary.
11, China's largest islands are Zhoushan Islands, Zhejiang Province, which is located east of the East China Sea.
12, the South China Sea has the four islands, the East Sand Island, Paracel Islands, the Zhongsha Islands, Nansha Islands.
13, China faces the ocean, from south to north, emulated by the Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea and East China Sea, South China Sea.
14, Utsumi sacred territory of a country, the Shandong Peninsula and Liaodong Peninsula between the Bohai Sea is China's inland sea.
15, China's largest island is the island of Taiwan, the second largest island of Hainan Island.
16, Liaodong Peninsula is the largest cape, the Shandong Peninsula is the second largest peninsula.
17,toronto escorts, the Taiwan Strait is located between Fujian and Taiwan provinces, from south to north, joining the South China Sea and East China Sea, maritime transport is an important channel people call it
20,toronto asian escort, east China's neighboring countries, with North Korea
21, north China's neighboring countries, with Russia
22, northwest China's neighboring countries with Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan Stan.
23, west of the neighboring countries with China, Afghanistan, Pakistan.
24, southwest China's adjoining countries, with India, Nepal, Bhutan.
25, south of phase with China neighboring countries of Myanmar, Laos and Vietnam.
26, with China, countries across the sea 6.
27, east of the nation cross the sea with China, South Korea, Japan.
28, southeast of the country across the sea with China, the Philippines.
29, south of the country across the sea with China, Malaysia, Brunei, Indonesia.
30, China's administrative regions, basically divided into provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities and special administrative regions), counties (autonomous county, city) and township (town) levels.
31, China has a total of 34 provincial-level administrative units, 23 provinces, 5 autonomous regions, 4 municipalities and 2 special administrative regions.
32, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region is China's largest provincial-level administrative region, which is located in the northwest of China, the People's Government of Urumqi city is located, referred to as the because of its name in the northern Hebei Province, the Yellow River, in the ancient part of the land it belongs to Jizhou, so Hebei referred to as one of the cradles of ancient China, it is the , the Chang'an in ancient times), is a famous face named, referred to as ; blue city referred to as The most eastern province, referred to as 43, Gansu Province is the ancient br> 45, the ancient lake called to the lake, named after the province,
is located in Xining City People's Government.
46, the Tibet Autonomous Region in China's southwest frame. From the opening of the 7th century and the Mainland in the political, economic, cultural and other appearances of frequent contacts to enhance the Tibetan and Han interchange between the two peoples and
development.
47, the seat of administration of the Tibetan people in Lhasa and in Tibetan is for here all year round blue skies, daylight for a long time, people shriek it
; Dian hot, mild climate, year-round
spring.
50, , where is the Guiyang City People's Government.
51, Maotai produced in Guizhou Province is listed as one of three in the world distilled brandy, is too China's national alcohol.
52, because the rich are understood as ; of Heaven Wuhan City, the land transport facilities, high summer temperatures, is So called Nanchang.
56, Anhui Province, produced name of the Shandong Province, in ancient times was the seat of Qi and Lu, so called > 59, located in Jiangsu Province in East China, referred to as the Zhejiang Min, Xiamen City in Fujian Province, southeast coast, is one of China's five special economic zones. territory, opposite the island of Taiwan and Taiwan of China,technological research, referred to as moving past, GM Mandarin and Taiwanese, Taiwanese customs and about.
five of China's climatic features
climate has three characteristics: a significant feature of the monsoon, it is obvious continental climate and a diversity of climate types.
monsoon premonitory features: the year in most areas of China is suffering normal season winds change, which is our geographical situation by the sea is effectively decided by the configuration. thermodynamic properties of the continents and oceans differences, the winter cold eastern inland to fashion a cold high oppression, east and south relative to the ocean as a heat low oppression, high pressure region of low pressure climate to flow to the area, to fashion China's north and northwest in winter and more wind; the inverse mainland in summer heat in the sea, the continent became a low-pressure high-temperature zone, the chilly ocean a high pressure area, so the circulation of the summer sea to the mainland from the southeast or southwest winds. As to the air by dry continental ventilation Ocean bring moist air to the air, so many of the precipitation occurs in summer months the dominating southerly wind 5 to 9 months. visible features of the monsoon wind is not only reflected in the transition, the change is also reflected in the watery and dry . forming specifics of monsoon climate: peppery summer and cold in winter, dry winter and summer rain. The rain and heat in the same quarter of the air is very favorable to agricultural product, winter crops have been cropped or stop growing, generally do not absence much water in summer harvests strong, it requires large quantities of water in the season. seasonal delivery of precipitation, likened with the same latitudes in the subtropical and the United States among the eastern chapter of India are similar, yet compared with the same latitude in North Africa, where the dry abandon climate of utmost The year rainfall of merely 110 mm, when in the southern China more than 1,500 mm of rainfall in the Sahara desert in the northern region is only 200 mm of precipitation, meantime the Yangtze River in China up to 1200 mm annual rainfall, the Yellow River Basin 600 mm annual rainfall than the same latitude of the Mediterranean more than 1 / 3, and rainfall concentrated in autumn and winter in the Mediterranean region. Thus, the boom of China and the developed eastern region and the monsoon has brought us the advantages of not unrelated.
apparent continental climate: the heat capacity of the land smaller than the ocean, so when the solar radiation weakens or disappears, the ocean off than easy to cool down the mainland, so the temperature difference than the marine continent, a feature we call continental.
continental climate in China features: and compared to other regions the same latitude in winter with the latitude of the world's coldest countries, the average January temperature in northeast China on average lower than the same latitude 15 ~ 20 ℃, Huang-Huai River is low 10 ~ 15 ℃, south of the Yangtze low 6 ~ 10 ℃, South China coast is low 5 ℃; summer with the world average, the warmest latitude countries (besides the desert). July average temperature is the same latitude than the average high in Northeast 4 ℃, North High 2.5 ℃, the Yangtze River High 1.5 ~ 2 ℃.
diverse climate types: a vast territory, the longest 53.N Mohe in the north is a cold moderate zone, the most southern of the Spratly Islands in the 3.N, an equatorial climate, and mountain valleys, mounds basin many areas of the Tibetan Plateau 4,500 meters upon regular winter seasons, the South China Sea Islands are year-round summer, spring-central Yunnan, and the remaining four seasons most.
six history China is the Chinese
the first one of the cradles of world civilization, 4600 years BC, there were romances in the emergence of the state system (currently the premier archaeological evidence shows that the Chinese 3700 years ago, the latest BC to the state system.) Central Plains nigh the 5th century BC and gradually into the tribal area of Chinese feudal society. a written history of three thousand years. today confirmed the birthplace of Chinese civilization in the eastern part of the Yellow River Basin. around the 2nd century BC, China has become a unified multi-ethnic authoritarian royal state, and has a rich literature. to the 1st century AD all but, China has become the world's most adult countries. In history, China has a few paragraphs golden age, including the Han ﹑ ﹑ Sui Yuan and early Qing period. China reached a peak in the 13th century, appropriate the world's most thriving cultural and commerce center. to the compass, periodical, printing and the invention of explosive led to many of the world's history and important contributions to scientific evolution and has developed agriculture and handicrafts.
start from the late 15th century, European powers began to gradually heave and eastern expansion, China's advantages vanish .1840 marked the outbreak of the Opium War compelled China to become the Western capitalist countries semi-colonial. deserving to cultural and institutional wild Western powers can not meet the requirements in the accident of a array of naval defeats and economic aggression of China was forced to cede Hong Kong, Taiwan and other territories .1911 numerous years after the Chinese Revolution built a republican system , ending two thousand years of feudal majesty. But in China after the warfare at family and overseas are still undergoing from the grief.
1949, the People's Republic of China's people, after the establishment of
the brave struggle of a hundred years, and finally overthrew the imperialism, feudalism and bureaucrat-capitalism rule, and effected the victory of democratic revolution, the Chinese people have stood up and became masters of the country. entered a new epoch in Chinese history.
founding of New China marked the Since then embarked on an neutral, democratic, unified way, and began a new period of conversion to communism.
population of nearly a 15 min of the world's major powers to wreck the imperialist Eastern front, and reinforcing world truce, democracy and socialist forces, encouraged by the world's coerced nations and oppressed humans struggle because liberation.
7 dynasties of Chinese history Summary:
Summer: Former 2070-- before 1600
Business: Former 1600 - week before the 1046
: Western Zhou Dynasty: 1046 - before 771
Eastern Zhou: 770 - 256
Watch: 770 - 476
Warring States: The former 475 - 221
before the Qin: the former 221 - 206
before the Han: Han Dynasty: 206 BC - AD 23 (Xinmang :8-23)
:25-220
Eastern Han Three Kingdoms: Wei, Shu :220-265
:221-263
Jin Wu :222-280
: :265-316
Western Jin Jin Sixteen Kingdoms :317-420
:304-439
Southern: Southern: Song :420-479
Qi :479-502
:502-557
Liang Chen :557-589
Northern: Northern :386-534
:534-550
Eastern Wei Qi :550-557
Western Wei and Northern Zhou :535-557
:557-581
Sui :581-618
:618-907
Tang and Five Dynasties and Ten States: Later Liang Dynasty Later Tang :907-923
:923-936
:936-946
Later Jin Dynasty Later Han Dynasty Later Zhou Dynasty :947-950
:951-960
Ten :902-979
Song: Song Song :960-1127
: 1127 -1279
Xia Liao :916-1125
:1038-1227
gold :1115-1234
per :1279-1368
Qing Ming :1368-1644
:1644-1911
August, 5000 years of Chinese civilization
easy steps contained in the New World Encyclopedia:
BC 2698: Rustic writing
Taoist philosopher Lao Tzu was founded in 551 BC: the builder of a Chinese philosophical system
2nd century BC, Confucius was born: the Great Wall of China started the construction of
105 years: the Chinese invention of papermaking
606 years: China held its premier checkups
868 years: world's first printed book, Kublai Khan ruled China who sweat, established the Yuan Dynasty, from the 1279-1368 years.
1333 years: China, droughts, torrents, pestilence, the death toll of 500 million 1421: Beijing became the capital of China
1911 years: China became the Democratic Republic of
1921 years: Mao Zedong and Li Dazhao in Shanghai China ***
1934 years: the Long March led by Mao Zedong, and arrived in Yenan to establish a government
1949 years: the Chinese revolution, came to power
*** 1966: Mao Zedong fired the Cultural Revolution
1979 years: Deng Xiaoping's reform and prologue up
IX
China in the early 21st century, China's fastest economic growth temporarily in the country (8% -9.5% / year) < br> China occupies the first number of the world's population, a total of 1.295 billion people (2000 census), the third largest land area of 10
the tallest establishing in the world there are six in China, including the maximum ; Taipei 101 Tower br> China is the world's 3 spaceship technology has to generate 1 of China has 132 million Internet users
(2006), the world's second
temporarily the existing 60 million Chinese-language blog (2006) , ranking first in the world
China now nearly 400 million mobile phones (2006), ranking first in the world
2008 Olympic Games will be held in China
ten, the Chinese provincial-level magisterial units
present, China There are 34 provincial-level administrative regions, including the four municipalities, 23 provinces, 5 autonomous regions and 2 special administrative regions.
4 municipalities were:
People's Republic of Beijing Capital, referred apt in Beijing. located in the northwest end of the North China Plain. Its native label was Ji, Yan capital when the Spring and Autumn, when the provisional chief of Liao, said the Yanjing, Jin, Yuan, Ming and Qing and early Republic of China to the chief, there have been either, maximum, Peking, Beijing and so a metropolis ahead 1928. has jurisdiction over 16 areas, 2 shire, the chief municipalities. The metropolis area of 16,800 square kilometers .2002 end, the city's enrolled population of 1136.3 million. Beijing is the political center as well as civilization, science, education center and transportation hub. Beijing or the noted passenger attractions, important attractions are the Great Wall, Forbidden City, Temple of Heaven, Ming Tombs, Summer Palace and Fragrant Hill.
called Shanghai Shanghai Shanghai
. is located in the medium of the east beach of China, at Yangtze River estuary. ancient fishing countryside to the sea, as Wu in the Spring and Autumn Warring States Period, Chu Chunshen for the fief, a town of Song, said before in Shanghai, a city in 1927. is now one of China's four municipalities under its jurisdiction 18 districts 1 county. The city area of 5800 square kilometers registered population of 1334.7 million at the end of .2002. Shanghai is China's largest city, is one of the world's metropolis. Shanghai is China's largest industrial city and commercial center, financial center and science and technology base.
Tianjin Tianjin Tianjin
short. Located northeast of the North China Plain, the Haihe River in the confluence of five tributaries stream into the Bohai Sea. Jinyuan selling until the times called for water transport to land, the sea-chun, the town set up after the early Ming to take crossroads 919.05 million. Tianjin is the largest industrial city in north China, oil and gas, sea salt is rich in resources and has some industrial technology found. Tianjin is also one essential commercial center and the North China port city. Tianjin's attractions are preferably the city park, day Temple, Dagu Fort, Jixian Dule Temple, the Great Wall and there Huangyaguan the upper Yangtze River. Warring States to Pakistan to. Sui is Yuzhou. War duration is the provisional capital of the Kuomintang government .1997 to the original Sichuan, Chongqing, Wanxian, Fuling prefecture-level cities and 3 administrative districts located in Qianjiang District the central municipality of Chongqing. under the jurisdiction of 15 districts, 4 county-level cities, 17 counties, 4 counties. The city area of 82,300 square kilometers .2002 at the end, the city's aggregate population of 3107 people. Chongqing is a comprehensive industrial city in the Yangtze River Three Gorges, loquat Hill, Jinyun Mountain and other tourist attractions.
23 provinces:
Hebei (Shijiazhuang), Shanxi (Taiyuan, the provincial capital), Liaoning (Shenyang, the provincial capital), Jilin (Changchun, the provincial capital), Heilongjiang (Harbin, the provincial capital), Shandong (capital Jinan), Jiangsu (Nanjing, capital), Anhui (Hefei, the provincial capital), Zhejiang (Hangzhou, the provincial capital), Fujian (provincial capital Fuzhou), Guangdong (Guangzhou, the provincial capital), Hainan (Haikou, the provincial capital), Henan (Zhengzhou, the provincial capital), Hubei (Wuhan, the provincial capital) , Hunan (Changsha, the provincial capital), Jiangxi (Nanchang, the provincial capital), Guizhou (Guiyang, the provincial capital), Yunnan (Kunming, the provincial capital), Sichuan (Chengdu, the provincial capital), Shaanxi (Xi'an, the provincial capital), Gansu (Lanzhou, the provincial capital), Qinghai (Xining, the provincial capital), Taiwan (the provincial capital, Taipei).
5 autonomous regions:
0 Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (Hohhot, the capital), Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region (capital of Yinchuan), Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (Urumqi), Tibet (Lhasa), Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region ( Nanning, the capital).
2 Special Administrative Region:
Kong Special Administrative Region, Macao Special Administrative Region.
(someone a few years ago may be the bad place) .....
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